Abstract

A research on lipase activity of sunflower seeds various in the quality level and degree of ecological purity has been conducted. These are high-quality sunflower seeds (HQSS) with humidity no less than 6.5% and no more than 8%, with acid number no more than 0.8 ml KOH, free of pesticides, radionuclides, mycotoxins, with weed and olive impurity no more than 1.5% and 3.5% respectively, and the level of contamination with heavy metals no more than 0.25 of maximum concentration limits for each element (n = 14); environmentally friendly sunflower seeds (EFSS) with the same factors of quality and safety as HQSS and grown up on the environmentally friendly territory of the Botanical garden of the Altay State University (n = 5); quality sunflower seeds (QSS) with the indices which do not exceed standard values, but with the additional restrictions on acid number (QSSan): from0.8 to 5.0 ml KOH, and on the content of heavy metals (QSShm): from 0.5 to 1.0 of maximum concentration limits. It is established that the greatest activity factors of a sour lipase are found in HQSS and EFSS groups, and exceed average values in 1.7 and 1.6 times than in seeds with initially high rates of acid number, and in 1.9 and 2 times in the samples contaminated with toxic elements in concentrations higher than 0.5 of maximum concentration limits. In HQSS and EFSS groups similar values of activity of enzyme have been revealed, and in QSSan and QSShm subgroups essential fluctuations of the value of enzyme activity have been observed. It has been established that sour lipase activity value (p<0.05) being reliable and informative, in contrast to alkaline one, reflects the degree of ecological purity and the quality level of seeds and can act as the factor characterizing sunflower seeds from the point of view of "health" and ecological wellbeing.

Keywords

Sunflower seeds, sour lipase, alkaline lipase, high quality seeds, environmentally friendly seeds

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