Аннотация

Молочная сыворотка обладает уникальным нутриентным составом и способна оказывать положительное влияние на организм человека. Однако по причине высокого содержания органических веществ, молочная сыворотка может наносить вред окружающей среде. Перспективным вариантом использования молочной сыворотки может стать её применение в качестве экстрагента для получения растительных экстрактов и извлечения из них биологически активных веществ для пищевой промышленности. На этом основании целью настоящей работы являлся подбор параметров извлечения биологически активных веществ (флавоноидов) из экстрактов растительного сырья с помощью нетрадиционного вида экстрагента, в качестве которого используется молочная сыворотка.
Объектами исследования выступали молочная сыворотка (в качестве экстрагента) и растительное сырье (в виде смесей лекарственных трав). Конечные продукты (экстракты) проверяли на содержание флавоноидных соединений методом тонкослойной хроматографии. Антиоксидантную активность оценивали с применением спектрофотометрического метода. Для повышения эффективности экстракции подбирали параметры экстрагирования (температуру, продолжительность экстракции, соотношение сырья к экстрагенту, состав растительных смесей).
Продолжительность экстрагирования выступала в качестве изменяемого параметра и составляла от 1 до 5 часов при температуре экстракции 90 ± 1 ℃. Предложенные образцы, содержащие от 7,5 до 12,5 г смесей трав в 450 мл молочной сыворотке при времени экстрагирования 3 ч обладали максимальной антиоксидантной активностью. Содержание флавоноидов в растительных экстрактах было сопоставимым и не за висело от продолжительности экстракции. Продолжительность экстракции имеет определяющее значение в интенсификации процесса получения флавоноидов из растительного сырья, поэтому выбор должен осуществляться по наименьшему значению продолжительности при сопоставимых значениях флавоноидов и максимальном уровне антиоксидантной активности.

Ключевые слова

Молочная сыворотка, экстракция, растительное сырье, флавоноиды, антиоксидантная активность, тонкослойная хроматография

ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЕ

Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда, грант № 23-16-00113.

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